:root{--ink:#182532;--muted:#5b6772;--paper:#fff;--soft:#f4f6f7;--line:#dfe5e8;--accent:#7a3f2b;--accent2:#1f5368;--max:1180px;--shadow:0 14px 40px rgba(24,37,50,.08)}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper);line-height:1.68}a{color:var(--accent2);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:3px}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}.sans,nav,.eyebrow,.button,.meta,.card h3,.footer,.notice,.faq summary,form,label,input,textarea,select{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif}.wrap{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 40px));margin:auto}.topbar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50}.nav{min-height:76px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px}.brand{margin-right:auto;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.1}.brand strong{display:block;font-size:18px;letter-spacing:.02em}.brand span{font:12px Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--muted);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em}.links{display:flex;gap:18px;align-items:center}.links a{font-size:13px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}.menu{display:none;border:1px solid var(--line);background:#fff;padding:9px 12px;border-radius:4px}.hero{padding:84px 0 70px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff 0%,#f7f5f2 100%);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.35fr .65fr;gap:54px;align-items:center}.eyebrow{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--accent);margin-bottom:12px}.hero h1,.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(42px,6vw,72px);line-height:1.02;margin:0 0 16px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.035em}.hero h2{font-size:clamp(24px,3vw,36px);font-weight:400;margin:0 0 14px}.lead{font-size:20px;color:#33414d;max-width:800px}.credentials{border-left:3px solid var(--accent);padding:18px 0 18px 24px}.credentials div{margin:9px 0}.actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:28px}.button{display:inline-block;padding:12px 18px;border-radius:3px;background:var(--ink);color:white;text-decoration:none;font-size:14px;font-weight:700}.button.alt{background:white;color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--ink)}.button:hover{background:var(--accent);color:#fff}.section{padding:68px 0}.section.soft{background:var(--soft)}.section h2{font-size:34px;line-height:1.15;margin:0 0 22px;font-weight:500}.section h3{font-size:21px;margin:30px 0 10px}.grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px}.grid.two{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.card{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:28px;background:#fff;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.card h3{font-size:18px;margin:0 0 12px}.card p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.page-head{padding:66px 0 46px;background:#f7f5f2;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(38px,5vw,60px)}.page-head p{font-size:20px;max-width:820px;color:#394854}.content{max-width:860px}.content ul{padding-left:22px}.content li{margin:7px 0}.quote{border-left:4px solid var(--accent);padding:4px 0 4px 24px;font-size:20px;margin:30px 0;color:#283945}.notice{padding:18px 20px;border:1px solid #d5c8b8;background:#fbf7f1;border-radius:3px;font-size:14px}.faq{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.faq details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:0}.faq summary{cursor:pointer;font-weight:700;padding:18px 0;list-style:none}.faq summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.faq summary:after{content:'+';float:right}.faq details[open] summary:after{content:'–'}.faq details p{margin:0 0 20px}.pub{padding:18px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.pub h3{margin:0 0 6px}.meta{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.form-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}label{display:block;font-weight:700;font-size:13px;margin-bottom:6px}input,textarea,select{width:100%;padding:12px;border:1px solid #bfc9ce;border-radius:3px;font-size:15px;background:#fff}textarea{min-height:140px}.full{grid-column:1/-1}.footer{background:#17232d;color:#e7ecef;padding:48px 0 28px;margin-top:50px}.footer a{color:#e7ecef}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr 1fr 1fr;gap:36px}.footer small{color:#aeb9c0}.footer-nav{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}.legal{border-top:1px solid #34434e;margin-top:34px;padding-top:20px;color:#c8d1d6;font-size:12px}.breadcrumbs{font:12px Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:16px}.breadcrumbs a{color:var(--muted)}.skip{position:absolute;left:-999px;top:0}.skip:focus{left:10px;top:10px;background:#fff;padding:10px;z-index:100}.tag{font:12px Arial,sans-serif;background:#eef2f4;padding:5px 8px;border-radius:20px;margin-right:6px;display:inline-block}.contact-split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:36px}.fine{font:12px Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--muted)}
@media(max-width:900px){.links{display:none;position:absolute;top:76px;left:0;right:0;background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:18px 20px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.links.open{display:flex}.menu{display:block}.hero-grid,.grid,.grid.two,.footer-grid,.contact-split{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero{padding-top:54px}.credentials{border-left:0;border-top:3px solid var(--accent);padding:20px 0}.form-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.full{grid-column:auto}}
@media(max-width:520px){.wrap{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 28px))}.nav{min-height:68px}.links{top:68px}.hero h1{font-size:44px}.section{padding:48px 0}.actions{flex-direction:column}.button{text-align:center}}
@media print{.topbar,.actions,.footer,.menu{display:none}.hero,.page-head{padding:20px 0}.section{padding:20px 0}.card{box-shadow:none}}

/* Refined personal-brand layout */
:root{--max:1140px}
body{font-size:16px;line-height:1.62}
.hero{padding:64px 0 58px}
.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.12fr) minmax(300px,.88fr);gap:48px;align-items:center}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(38px,4.4vw,58px);line-height:1.04;margin-bottom:12px}
.hero h2{font-size:clamp(22px,2.3vw,30px);margin-bottom:10px}
.lead{font-size:18px;line-height:1.55}
.hero p:not(.lead){max-width:720px}
.hero-profile{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 235px;gap:28px;align-items:center}
.hero-portrait{width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 24%;display:block;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}
.hero-side .credentials{padding-left:20px}
.section{padding:58px 0}
.section h2{font-size:30px;margin-bottom:18px}
.section h3{font-size:19px}
.card{padding:24px}
.page-head{padding:54px 0 38px}
.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,50px);line-height:1.06;margin-bottom:12px}
.page-head p{font-size:18px}
.content{max-width:900px}
.content-with-photo{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 280px;gap:44px;align-items:start;max-width:none}
.content-with-photo .content-main{min-width:0}
.profile-secondary{width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:center top;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:var(--shadow);position:sticky;top:105px}
.footer{margin-top:36px}
@media(max-width:1050px){.hero-profile{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-portrait{max-width:360px}.hero-side .credentials{border-left:0;border-top:3px solid var(--accent);padding:18px 0 0}}
@media(max-width:900px){.hero-grid,.content-with-photo{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-portrait{max-width:420px}.profile-secondary{max-width:360px;position:static;order:-1}.hero{padding:48px 0}.page-head{padding:44px 0 32px}}
@media(max-width:520px){body{font-size:15.5px}.hero h1{font-size:38px}.hero h2{font-size:23px}.lead{font-size:17px}.page-head h1{font-size:34px}.page-head p{font-size:17px}.section h2{font-size:27px}.card{padding:21px}.hero-portrait,.profile-secondary{max-width:100%}}

/* Hero composition correction: preserve portrait rather than cropping it */
.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(360px,.8fr);gap:52px;align-items:center}
.hero-profile{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:20px;align-items:stretch}
.hero-portrait{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:auto;object-fit:contain;object-position:center;display:block;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:var(--shadow);background:#17191b}
.hero-side .credentials{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:10px 20px;border-left:0;border-top:2px solid var(--accent);padding:16px 0 0}
.hero-side .credentials div{margin:0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.35}
.hero-side .credentials .meta{font-size:12px}
@media(max-width:1050px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(320px,.72fr);gap:38px}.hero-profile{display:flex}.hero-portrait{max-width:none}.hero-side .credentials{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;border-top:2px solid var(--accent);padding-top:16px}}
@media(max-width:900px){.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-profile{max-width:520px}.hero-portrait{max-width:100%}.hero-side .credentials{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}
@media(max-width:520px){.hero-side .credentials{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-profile{max-width:100%}}

/* Comprehensive layout and accessibility pass */
:root{--max:1120px}
body{font-size:16px;line-height:1.65}
p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1.05em}
.wrap{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 48px))}
.nav{min-height:72px}
.links{gap:16px}.links a{font-size:12.5px}
.hero{padding:56px 0 52px}.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.18fr) minmax(320px,.82fr);gap:46px}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(36px,4vw,54px)}.hero h2{font-size:clamp(21px,2.2vw,28px)}.lead{font-size:18px}
.hero-profile{max-width:390px;justify-self:end}.hero-portrait{max-height:520px;object-fit:contain}
.hero-side .credentials{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
.page-head{padding:48px 0 34px}.page-head h1{font-size:clamp(32px,3.8vw,48px)}.page-head p{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:0}
.breadcrumbs{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 48px));margin:18px auto 10px}
.section{padding:52px 0}.section h2{font-size:29px;margin-top:0}.content-main>h2{margin-top:42px}.content-main>h2:first-of-type{margin-top:34px}
.card{padding:23px}.grid{gap:20px}
.content{max-width:820px}.content-with-photo{display:block;max-width:1120px}.content-with-photo .content-main{max-width:820px}
/* Expert portrait belongs to the introduction, not beside the entire article */
.expert-intro{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 280px;gap:42px;align-items:start;margin-bottom:28px}.expert-intro-copy{min-width:0}.profile-secondary{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:auto;object-fit:contain;object-position:center;position:static;box-shadow:var(--shadow);border-radius:3px;background:#17191b}
.content-with-photo>.profile-secondary{display:none}
.footer{padding:42px 0 24px;margin-top:28px}.footer-grid{gap:30px}
.button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,.menu:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,textarea:focus-visible,select:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #1f5368;outline-offset:3px}
.button{min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}
input,textarea,select{min-height:44px}.menu{min-height:44px}
@media(max-width:900px){.wrap,.breadcrumbs{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 36px))}.hero-grid,.expert-intro{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-profile{justify-self:start;max-width:430px}.expert-intro .profile-secondary{max-width:320px;order:-1}.content-with-photo .content-main{max-width:820px}.section{padding:46px 0}}
@media(max-width:520px){.wrap,.breadcrumbs{width:calc(100% - 28px)}.brand strong{font-size:16px}.brand span{font-size:10.5px}.hero{padding:42px 0}.hero h1{font-size:36px}.hero h2{font-size:22px}.page-head h1{font-size:32px}.section{padding:42px 0}.section h2{font-size:26px}.content-main>h2{margin-top:34px}.hero-side .credentials{grid-template-columns:1fr}.footer{margin-top:18px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*::before,*::after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}


/* Launch refinement v6 */
.topbar{backdrop-filter:saturate(140%) blur(10px);background:rgba(255,255,255,.96)}
section[id]{scroll-margin-top:96px}
.section-intro{max-width:720px;color:#42515d}
.process-grid{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:26px 0 18px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;counter-reset:none}
.process-grid li{border-top:2px solid var(--line);padding:18px 4px 4px;margin:0}.process-number{display:block;font:700 12px Arial,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--accent);margin-bottom:10px}.process-grid strong{font:700 15px Arial,sans-serif}.process-grid p{font-size:14px;color:#4b5964;margin:8px 0 0}.text-link{font:700 13px Arial,sans-serif;text-decoration:none}.instruction-checklist{margin-top:44px;padding-top:34px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.instruction-checklist .button{margin-top:20px}
.contact-email{margin-bottom:26px}.contact-cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-bottom:48px}.contact-card{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:24px;background:#fff}.contact-card h2{font:700 18px Arial,sans-serif;margin:0 0 12px}.contact-card p{font-size:15px}.contact-form-heading{margin-top:0}.consent-row{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px;margin:18px 0;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5}.consent-row input{width:auto;min-height:0;margin-top:4px}.immigration-boundary{margin-top:32px}
@media(max-width:900px){.process-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.contact-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.topbar{backdrop-filter:none}}
@media(max-width:520px){.process-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.process-grid li{padding-top:14px}.contact-card{padding:20px}.contact-cards{margin-bottom:36px}}

/* Final launch refinements */
.selected-publications{margin:18px 0 24px;padding-left:20px}.selected-publications li{margin:0 0 14px}.selected-publications .meta{font-size:.94em;color:var(--muted)}.independence-callout{margin:22px 0 30px}

.scholarships{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px;margin:0 0 22px}.scholarships>div{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--soft);padding:16px 18px;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:14px}.scholarships strong{color:var(--ink)}
@media(max-width:640px){.scholarships{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* v19 mobile-only refinements: clearer Home navigation + smaller homepage portrait */
@media(max-width:900px){
  .links a[href="/"]{
    display:block;
    width:100%;
    padding:11px 14px;
    border:1px solid var(--ink);
    border-radius:3px;
    background:var(--ink);
    color:#fff;
    font-size:13px;
  }
  .links a[href="/"]:hover,
  .links a[href="/"]:focus-visible{
    background:var(--accent);
    border-color:var(--accent);
    color:#fff;
  }
}
@media(max-width:520px){
  .hero-profile{max-width:78%;justify-self:center;width:100%}
  .hero-portrait{width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto}
}

/* v20 mobile Home emphasis: stronger, warmer call-to-action without altering navigation structure */
@media(max-width:900px){
  .links a[href="/"]{
    padding:13px 16px;
    border:1px solid var(--accent);
    border-radius:5px;
    background:var(--accent);
    color:#fff;
    font-size:14px;
    font-weight:700;
    letter-spacing:.01em;
    box-shadow:0 5px 14px rgba(122,63,43,.20);
  }
  .links a[href="/"]:hover,
  .links a[href="/"]:focus-visible{
    background:var(--ink);
    border-color:var(--ink);
    color:#fff;
  }
}

/* v21 mobile menu-control visibility: strengthen the always-visible Menu button only */
@media(max-width:900px){
  .menu{
    display:inline-flex;
    align-items:center;
    justify-content:center;
    gap:7px;
    min-height:46px;
    padding:10px 14px;
    border:1px solid var(--ink);
    border-radius:5px;
    background:var(--ink);
    color:#fff;
    font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
    font-size:14px;
    font-weight:700;
    letter-spacing:.01em;
    box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(24,37,50,.16);
    cursor:pointer;
  }
  .menu::before{
    content:'☰';
    font-size:16px;
    line-height:1;
    font-weight:400;
  }
  .menu:hover,
  .menu:focus-visible{
    background:var(--accent);
    border-color:var(--accent);
    color:#fff;
  }
}